Dynamical Process of Gas Leakage

A high-pressure gas transient leakage is a complexly physical process. This chapter introduces the available models for gas transient leakage, as well as the notional nozzle model for choked flow. It emphasizes the application conditions and limitations of the reviewed models. In detail, three different leakage models are developed for the ideal gas, Abel-Noble gas and van der Waals gas, respectively. The Abel-Noble gas accounts only for the volume of gas molecules, while the van der Waals gas simultaneously considers both the volume of gas molecules and the intermolecular forces. Data from a 90 MPa hydrogen transient leakage are used to validate the three models. The comparison shows that the van der Waals gas leakage model has greater robustness than the other two models.