Discrete-Time Grey Exogenous Models

Chapters 4 and 5 have focused on an overview of the discrete-time grey endogenous model and continuous-time grey exogenous models. In this chapter, we will explore the unified framework and solution method of discrete-time grey exogenous models. Our task will be deriving the explicit expression for discrete-time grey models by numerical approximation method and analysis techniques, and we will clarify the mechanism of the Cusum operator and enhance the interpretability of modelling results. The discrete-time grey exogenous model unifies univariate, multivariate, and multi-output discrete-time grey forecasting models, which helps to further improve the theoretical framework of grey forecasting models.