Artificial Intelligence-Based Modeling for Sustainable Management of Fish Genetic Resources: Status and Opportunities

Artificial intelligence (AI) is fundamentally reshaping the management of fish genetic resources and conservation biology, ushering in unprecedented opportunities for sustainable practices. Across the globe, AI is being applied to various facets of fisheries, from modeling fish abundance and distribution to predicting the effects of environmental changes. In India, efforts to embrace technological advancements have seen notable progress in applying AI to sectors like fisheries in recent years. While a range of machine learning algorithms have been explored for addressing diverse challenges in fisheries resource management, artificial neural networks stand out due to their ability to capture non-linear relationships among variables. Despite these advancements, significant hurdles remain. Challenges such as poor underwater image quality, the black-box nature of deep learning algorithms, and the high cost of sensor technologies for data collection, particularly in developing countries, continue to impede progress. Addressing these limitations is crucial to fully harnessing the potential of AI-based modeling for sustainable fishery management. This chapter discusses the potential applications of AI-based models in fish genetic resource management with case studies and future scope for sustainable fisheries development.