Posttraumatic Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head

The lifetime incidence of hip trauma is about 23.3% in males and 11.2% in females [1, 2]. Major complications of hip traumas include nonunion, malunion, and osteonecrosis. Posttraumatic osteonecrosis, which is reported in a range of 4.8–52.9%, ultimately leads to arthritis unless diagnosed in the initial stage [3, 4]. Patients with hip injuries should be followed closely for the earlier diagnosis of osteonecrosis. Timely treatment can prevent the progression of osteonecrosis and later arthritic changes. After the diagnosis of necrosis, appropriate treatment must be done in early stages if head preservation seems possible (Figs. 18.1, 18.2, 18.3, 18.4, and 18.5).