A New World: Quantum Computers

The latest addition in the field of computer science are the super-fast quantum computers. These computers are expected to solve the problems that are considered unsolvable by classical computers. These computers are based on the concepts of quantum mechanics. The possibility of having more than two states in a bit (0 or 1) is known as a qubit and forms the base behind the quantum computers. When mechanisms like superposition and entanglement are used to perform operations on data, then complicated problems can be solved at faster rates. Our contribution through this manuscript is to make researchers aware of the past concepts that led to the development of quantum computing, the basics of quantum computing, the concepts behind the quantum computing algorithms, mechanics of quantum computing as well as quantum information theory, the edge that these computers provide over the classical computers and the areas where this concept can be applied in the future.