Female Double-Face Oral Mucosa Urethroplasty

Double-face augmentation urethroplasty, a technique that enhances the management of complex urethral strictures, was first introduced by Palminteri et al. in 2008 [1]. This innovative approach involves the use of a perineal approach and combined dorsal inlay and ventral onlay grafts in bulbar urethral reconstruction for males. The success of this technique, observed in a short-term follow-up, was demonstrated at 89.6% [2]. This method marked a pivotal shift in urethroplasty, emphasizing the importance of maintaining the integrity of the urethral plate while treating tight and extensive strictures. Subsequently, this technique has been utilized for obliterated bladder neck reconstruction robotically and for neophallus anastomotic stricture repair in transgender reassignment surgery [3, 4].