Artificial Intelligence in Cataract Surgery

Artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasing in ophthalmology. One of the drivers is the enormous amount and variety of images from clinical photographic data and specialized scans. Another potential benefit occurs at the different stages of patient care and how AI can help manage this. AI is achieving close or even superior performance to that of subject matter experts, but there remains a critical gap between the development and integration of AI-driven systems in ophthalmic practice. AI systems need to meet certain requirements to be deemed trustworthy. These include accuracy, resiliency, reliability, safety, and accountability (European Commission 2019). There are different stakeholders involved in AI: AI developers, reading centers, healthcare providers, healthcare institutions, ophthalmological societies and working groups or committees, patients, regulatory bodies, and payers [1].