An IoT Based Soil Moisture and pH Controller for Agricultural Lands

In agricultural field, the yield of crops depends on various parameters. Apart from N-P-K, the primary requirements of plants, moisture content, and pH are two most important properties of soil which affects the healthy growth plants and crops. Perfect pH helps in proper growth of the specific crops and fruits and also helps to sustain longer life to the plants. On the other hand, proper moisture content in soil directly affects the absorption by route and subsequent transportation of the nutrients and minerals for the normal growth of the plant. Excessive water can cause damage to the plant like rotting of some part of the plant (roots) or the whole plant, and lesser water can lead to slow growth or eventual drying and leads to death of the plant. Severe water scarcity during drought may cause death of the plant. In this work, an automated system is designed that reads the pH and moisture content of the targeted agricultural land and takes necessary action to maintain the levels of both these parameters at appropriate levels.