Crystal Geometric and Crystal Chemical Characteristics of Metal Connections: Dimensional Effects in Metal Systems
摘要
A review of widely used crystallogeometric and crystallochemical characteristics of metallic compounds revealed their variety depending on the purposes of use. A number of these characteristics (size factor, interatomic bond forces, packing coefficient and others) play a very significant role in the formation and stability of compounds and physico-mechanical behaviour of phases of metallic compounds. Analysis of interatomic bonds shows that the concept of representing atoms as solid spheres when forming densely packed structures with different contributions of metallic and covalent components of bond forces in the first approximation can be used for searching for general patterns. Size factor and electron concentration as important characteristics, which are used in the analysis of stability and properties of metallic compounds, confirm the Hume-Rothery rules. The stability of FCC, BCC and HCP structures is associated with characteristic values of electron concentration.