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Struma ovarii is a monodermal teratoma primarily composed of mature thyroid tissue. It is associated with mature cystic teratoma components in 50–60% of cases, and occasionally contains a carcinoid component. Malignant transformation occurs in less than 5% of cases. It presents as a multicystic lesion with variable signals reflecting the viscosity of thyroid colloid, which can complicate differentiation from mucinous tumors. Key distinguishing features include high attenuation on unenhanced CT scans, frequent calcifications, lobulated morphology, minimal diffusion restriction in solid components, and the presence of mature cystic teratoma.

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Differential Diagnosis of Ovarian Tumors with Mixed Enhancing and Cystic Areas: F. Imaging Diagnosis of Struma Ovarii

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Tomoya Kadoba,
  • Akihiro Nakamata,
  • Mitsuru Matsuki

摘要

Struma ovarii is a monodermal teratoma primarily composed of mature thyroid tissue. It is associated with mature cystic teratoma components in 50–60% of cases, and occasionally contains a carcinoid component. Malignant transformation occurs in less than 5% of cases. It presents as a multicystic lesion with variable signals reflecting the viscosity of thyroid colloid, which can complicate differentiation from mucinous tumors. Key distinguishing features include high attenuation on unenhanced CT scans, frequent calcifications, lobulated morphology, minimal diffusion restriction in solid components, and the presence of mature cystic teratoma.