Double-stranded RNA is responsible for the mRNA degradation in RNAi, an evolutionary, endogenous, conserved post-transcriptional gene silencing process. In order to understand how genes function in complex biological systems, research is now urgently needed in the precise regulation of gene expression in plant cells. Short interfering RNA (siRNA) and microRNA, two common gene-interfering strategies, have drawbacks in their capacity to downregulate gene expression in plants rapidly. To combat these difficulties, nanotechnology offers a potential new path and innovative instruments. Carbon-based elements are exceptionally intriguing as precursor for acid-catalyzing agents having sulfur containing groups. Nanomaterials known as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit intriguing chemical and physical characteristics and have recently gained attention as a novel approach to gene therapy, bioengineering, and cancer treatment. Since nanotechnology allows for the manipulation of nanoparticles to improve cancer therapies, it presents a viable solution with its unique qualities of improved permeability and greater tumor-targeting effectiveness. A new paradigm for treating a variety of genetic, innate, and acquired diseases, including cancer, has been made possible by the introduction of gene therapy into the clinical setting. This has made it easier to employ nucleic acids or oligonucleotides, such as plasmid DNAs, small interfering RNAs, and short hairpin RNAs in therapeutic approaches.