Salinity stress emerges as a formidable non-biological challenge for plants, exerting a deleterious impact on numerous agricultural landscapes worldwide. This stressor induces a cascade of morphological, physiological, epigenetic, and genetic transformations in plants, primarily by elevating the concentrations of sodium and chlorine ions within plant cells. While plants exhibit some resilience through diverse mechanisms to restore cellular equilibrium, high salt doses may overwhelm their capacity, resulting in potential fatalities due to salt stress. In response to this challenge, scientists have proposed various solutions, with nanotechnology emerging as a cutting-edge and effective intervention, yielding remarkable outcomes. Although several studies affirm the positive influence of nanotechnology on plants confronting salinity stress, a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between nanoparticles and intracellular mechanisms remains elusive. In this book chapter, our endeavor is to draw conclusions regarding how carbon-based nanoparticles, in particular, can assist salt-stressed plants in rejuvenating their cells under salt–stress conditions. The escalating commercial utilization of engineered carbon-based nanomaterials spans diverse realms such as technology, medicine, environment, and agriculture. However, this widespread application is accompanied by a rising trend of intentional or unintentional release of carbon nanomaterials into the environment, posing unpredictable challenges for living organisms. Within the context of this book chapter, we delineate various types of carbon-based nanomaterials, elucidate major production techniques, and highlight significant trends relevant to agricultural and environmental applications. The chapter also consolidates the current research landscape pertaining to the impact of carbon nanomaterials on plant growth and development, succinctly addressing prevailing knowledge gaps.