Carbon-based nanomaterials (CNMs) applications in agriculture have sparked a lot of attention. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are regarded as a potential tool for a variety of applications, owing to their physiochemical qualities such as large surface area, electrochemical activity, mechanical and thermal strength, and so on. To draw our attention to, the physiochemical characteristics of CNT are influenced not only by the diameter and helicity of the graphene sheet but also by the number of graphene layers. Arc discharge, laser vaporisation, chemical vapour discharge (CVD), and vapour phase growth are some of the processes used for CNT production. The synthesis processes utilised will have a significant impact on the physiochemical characteristics of the synthesised CNT. The growing commercial need for carbon-based nanomaterials encompasses technological, medicinal, environmental, and agricultural uses. CNTs and their derivatives can be used to remediate waste water. They can also be used to store hydrogen for use as an energy source. Temperature has been found to play an important role in CNT’s ability to store hydrogen. Because of its large surface area and the presence of numerous functional groups in functionalised CNT, CNT allows the greater adsorption of hazardous metal ions or other chemical moieties. The presence of CNM causes a noticeable boost in seed germination or plant growth. Despite the fact that each strategy has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, in a nutshell, this chapter contributes to a better understanding of the function and potential of carbon-based nanomaterials in agriculture.