Research Progress of Green and Low-Carbon Exploitation of Petroleum and Natural Gas–Based on Knowledge Graph Perspective

Petroleum and natural gas are traditional fossil energy sources; however, low-carbon transformation is viewed as the only path for sustainable development, and there is an industry consensus on the need to reduce carbon emissions through technological innovation and management. This paper employs CiteSpace to construct a knowledge graph of 229 papers from the WOS core collection spanning from 2004 to 2023 and summarizes three important research topics in this field through the analysis of the graph, specific information, and literature review: (1) cleaner and more abundant energy sources, such as natural gas and unconventional natural gas; (2) carbon dioxide treatment and utilization technology exemplified by CCUS; (3) energy conservation and emission reduction in oil and gas exploitation. Based on the highly cited literature and other relevant sources, the paper discusses the aforementioned topics. In future research and development, the digital transformation of oil and gas exploitation and the technology coupling it with new energy sources have broad prospects.