Study on the Influence of Equity Structure on the Risk of Rural Commercial Banks—Intermediation Effect Test Based on Agriculture-Related Loans

Rural Commercial Bank is one of the forefront positions of China’s national rural revitalization construction. Due to the internal governance problems such as the inappropriate structure of equity, its risk situation is deteriorating. In this regard, this paper uses the data of China Rural Commercial Bank from 2013 to 2022 to empirically test the impact of equity structure on the risk of rural commercial bank, as well as the intermediary role of agricultural loans in it. The results show that: first, the effect of state-owned shareholding on risks will be seriously affected by agriculture-related loans, leading to its insignificant direct impact. That is to say, the scale of agriculture-related loans will cover up the impact of state-owned shareholdings on the risks of banks. Second, the shareholding of individuals will increase the risk by increasing the scale of agriculture-related loans, and agriculture-related loans are the main intermediary variable. Finally, according to the empirical results, countermeasures are put forward from aspects like equity management, credit behavior and risk control.