Biomonitoring of Mangroves as an Indicator of Sustainable Coastal Environment

Coastal environments worldwide face increasing threats from natural stressors and human-driven impacts. Mangroves have emerged as critical indicators of environmental sustainability through their role in climate change mitigation, coastal protection, water quality enhancement, and sustainable resource management. This review explores the role of mangroves as an interceptor of microplastics, their function in climate change mitigation, and biomonitoring applications using bioindicators in the mangroves. A case study analyzing the water quality and heavy metals analyses in mangrove water, sediments, and biological organisms was also explained under the biomonitoring applications. In the face of a changing climate, it is imperative to understand how the mangroves function paves the way toward sustainability.