Normal and Osteoarthritic Knee Kinematics

Normal knee kinematics involve femoral rollback and tibial internal rotation during flexion, guided by femoral-tibial morphology and ligament tension, with screw-home movement near extension. Kinematic analyses, including cadaveric studies, MRI, and image-matching techniques, reveal physiological translational and rotational patterns. Osteoarthritic knees exhibit reduced anteroposterior motion, loss of screw-home movement, and decreased dynamic kinematic diversity due to pathological degeneration of the joint. Kinematic analysis of normal and osteoarthritic knees is the key to objectively validating reconstructed knee aimed at physiological knee function.