Investigating Sensing Performance of Gaussian Apodized Fiber Bragg Gratings with Linearly Tapered Profile

In this chapter, the sensing performance of linearly tapered fiber Bragg gratings is optimized by utilizing Gaussian apodization and compared them with nonapodized gratings. The standard coupled mode theory and the transfer matrix method are used, and the reflectivity values on a logarithmic scale are plotted to visualize their sidelobe suppression ability. The sensitivity, detection accuracy, quality parameters, full width at half maximum, and sidelobe levels of both tapered nonapodized and tapered Gaussian apodized fiber Bragg gratings are tabulated. Our findings show that decreasing the core diameter through tapering greatly improved the performance of the gratings. Linearly tapered Gaussian apodized fiber Bragg gratings have a significant impact on sensing performance, particularly when optimized parameters are used. Our analysis revealed that Gaussian apodized taper profiles exhibit a sharp fall in the group delay spectrum. Gaussian apodization and linear tapering techniques enhanced the performance of fiber Bragg gratings for precise sensing applications.