Phyto-Diversity: Characterization and Prioritization for Rehabilitating Kota Stone Mine Spoil Areas in Rajasthan, India

Values for naturalized plant species in the mining area were used to identify candidate plant species for restoration using a methodical process. In order to document the variety of species and their advantages, a thorough vegetation survey was carried out to examine the phyto-diversity of pre-and post-mining quarry sites. A total of 62 plant species, representing 29 plant families, were primarily found in locations where mining spoils were left behind. The majority of plant species on mine-rehabilitated sites are members of the Poaceae family, which also includes the majority of ground cover species. Identified or recognized plant species are naturally highly resilient in regions where they have been deposited. In terms of dicotyledonous plant performance, the Fabaceae family is the most dominant in the plant community, followed by the Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Mimosaceae families. Because of its extraordinary adaptability in the face of a disturbed and changed earth and environment, the Fabaceae family of flowering plants is thought to be among the most successful. But choosing native legume species that develop quickly and have a high potential for carbon reduction becomes even more important in the context of making efficient use of mine waste disposal locations while minimizing energy waste and costs. The rapid growth of the herbaceous layer ground cover flora beneath the tree plantations is one of the major benefits and consequences of plant species resilience in the era of climate change. These traits, along with their dominating particular adaption and flexibility, contribute significantly. As a result, the enumerated and enlisted plant species provide an indication of how they might endure in hostile situations, such as mining tailing or waste disposal sites, with limited soil nutrient and moisture resources followed by temperature fluctuations with their restorative capacity in mine spoil rehabilitation.