A General Comparative Study of Various Video Compression Standards Based on Their Features, Working Mechanism and Usage Applications

Digital video stand as one of the most prominent means of communication currently. It is due to their engaging capacity to convey a substantial amount of information in a compact format. Every year, there are continuous advancements in video capture, rendering, and display technologies, resulting in an exponential increase in the volume of videos being produced every day. Simultaneously, numerous video content providers encounter the challenge of meeting user expectations for higher-quality videos while maintaining costs at the same level or reducing them. High-quality videos tend to be quite large in terms of file size, resulting in extended upload times, impractical hosting expenses and a requirement for high-speed bandwidth from users and viewers. Consequently, digital videos must undergo processing before transmission, as they often contain significant redundancies. This preprocessing aims to optimize storage usage and fulfil bandwidth requirements more efficiently. Video compression is a method for reducing redundancies in visual data by identifying and representing these redundancies using far fewer binary digits or bits. It involves the elimination of various types of redundancies found in video frames by reducing the total number of bits required to represent each frame. Currently, there are numerous video compression standard techniques and codec that feature structured and logical mechanisms. This review work offers a comparative analysis of such established video compression standards and techniques based on various aspects.