Assessment of Geological Structural Features of Umri Landslide in Haryana, India

Landslides are one of the most destructive and frequent geo-hydrological natural hazards, which very commonly occur in the hilly and mountainous regions of the world. It occurs when the slope fails due to the heavy rainfall and under the effect of the force of Gravity. As per the WHO report in 2022, more than 4 million people were affected by landslides worldwide from 1998 to 2017. In India, the hilly part of the region is most vulnerable to landslides. In the country, around 12% of the land area is landslide hazard-prone area (Geological Survey of India). The site of the Umri landslide is located in the Panchkula district in Haryana near the Morni hill station. The region is one of the country’s most vulnerable and prone to landslides because it is located in the tectonically active zone of the Himalayan range. The main objective of the chapter is to identify the geological characteristics of the Umri landslide. Open sources data and software such as Alos Palsar, Landsat imagery, Google Earth Engine, and Steronet software were used to conduct the present study. The field survey was conducted to measure the kinematic analysis, identify the geological structure of the landslide, and identify types of slope failure. The study identified various types of geological structures from the analysis of the geological profile of the landslide area, and the result indicated that the landslide happened due to wedge failure during rainfall.