Role of Dietary Supplements in Multiple Sclerosis

This chapter explores various dietary supplements and their effects on the progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) by analyzing their impacts on the disease. This exploration extends to caffeine, carnitine, Coenzyme Q10, lipoic acid, Omega-3, N-acetylcysteine, and melatonin, elucidating their mechanisms and potential benefits in MS. The optimal dietary regimen for individuals with MS frequently involves incorporating high-fiber diets and specific dietary supplements or vitamins. A high-fiber diet alters the gut bacterial populations and exerts a beneficial effect on the gut microbiome, which not only enhances cognitive function but also reinforces the gut bacteria’s well-established role in mitigating inflammation. Furthermore, a number of over-the-counter dietary supplements, such as caffeine, Omega-3, and melatonin, exhibit the potential to improve MS status. Vitamins have been shown to play a significant role in MS, most notably vitamin D, which has a well-established clinical role in MS pathogenesis and modulation. Concurrent investigations into other water and fat-soluble vitamins are unfolding, revealing promising findings that suggest potential benefits in addressing inflammation, motor symptoms, and psychological aspects associated with MS. This chapter underscores the diverse array of dietary supplements that could positively impact the physiological and psychological aspects of MS. From caffeine’s influence on BBB integrity to carnitine’s potential in mitigating fatigue, each supplement offers a unique avenue for exploration.