Underwater Environmental Monitoring Using USNs

This chapter introduces innovative marine environmental monitoring technology utilizing mobile USN. In addressing the challenge of monitoring environmental boundaries with limited communication resources, specifically targeting tasks like underwater pollutant leakage tracking, a novel PCA-based surface level tracking method is proposed. To estimate ocean scalar fields, a collaborative adaptive sampling path planning approach is presented, involving multiple mobile nodes employing diverse strategies. Additionally, an information sharing scheme leveraging sparse variational Gaussian process (SVGP) is designed to enhance data sharing efficiency among nodes. Furthermore, for flow field estimation, a cooperative distributed estimation method is developed using minimum-weight tree-structure mobile node networks to reduce relative motion-integration errors. These advancements in technology and methodologies offer promising solutions for enhancing marine environmental monitoring capabilities, paving the way for more effective and sustainable management of ocean ecosystems.