Energy-Efficient Node Scheduling Method for Target Tracking in USNs

In this chapter, the focus is on achieving energy efficiency in target tracking using UWSNs. The tracking process involves nodes continuously probing the target and collecting real-time measurement information, which is then sent to a fusion center for estimation. However, involving more nodes or reducing their sampling period can lead to high energy consumption. Therefore, node scheduling techniques are explored to balance tracking accuracy and energy consumption. The chapter first discusses reducing energy consumption from a spatial perspective. Methods are proposed to select a specific number of nodes based on certain criteria to participate in tracking, thus minimizing energy consumption while maintaining tracking accuracy. Next, the issue of reducing energy consumption from a temporal perspective is addressed. Corresponding methods adjust the frequency of sending measurement information from each node to minimize energy consumption while maintaining tracking accuracy. Finally, potential challenges left for future work on the energy-efficiency issue are investigated to conclude the chapter.