Types of Spinal Vascular Malformations
摘要
Spinal vascular malformations are often complex problems with varied clinical presentations. In this chapter, we will briefly overview common clinical presentations of patients with spinal vascular malformations after reviewing the normal vascular anatomy of the spine and then outline different types of vascular disorders, and possible treatment options. Catheter angiography remains the gold standard investigation for diagnosis and planning of treatment. Therapeutic options, treatment success rate and limitations are briefly described in particular.