State Estimation

The safety and life management of LIB is directly linked to the battery internal states, like the SoC and internal temperature. Specifically, advanced battery management algorithms of fault diagnostic, life prognostic and optimal control all depend on the accurate knowledge of battery internal states. However, such states of interests are all internal variables of LIB not measurable with any known sensors. Therefore, reliable real-time state estimation technologies are essential for the full-lifespan management and optimized utilization of the LIB system. In this context, numerous state-of-the-art state estimation methods have been widely explored over years.