Screening Methods and Models for Evaluation of Cardioprotective Plants and Phytochemicals

The search for effective cardioprotective agents has led to an increased interest in exploring natural compounds derived from plants, particularly phytochemicals. Screening methods and models are essential for evaluating the cardioprotective potential of these plants and their constituents. This chapter provides an overview of the various screening methods and models employed in the evaluation of cardioprotective plants and phytochemicals. In vitro assays, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, lipid-lowering, and endothelial function assays, serve as initial screening platforms to assess biological activities. In vivo animal models, such as rodents and large animals, provide valuable insights into efficacy and safety, while computational approaches, including molecular docking and quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis, aid in predicting pharmacological properties. Integration of these screening methods and models facilitates the discovery of novel cardioprotective agents derived from natural sources.