With the rapid development of modern technology, aquaculture has begun to develop towards intelligence. Currently, in China, most water quality testing in aquaculture still uses traditional methods, which leads to inaccurate testing results, waste of labor and resources, and reduced yield. Therefore, this article proposes the use of Internet of Things technology to design an aquaculture water quality monitoring system. The designed aquaculture water quality monitoring system gateway and node communicate primarily through LoRa communication modules. The node acquisition module mainly includes temperature sensors, water level sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors, pH sensors, and turbidity sensors. The gateway and WeChat Mini Program communicate through the Alibaba Cloud platform to transmit data and issue commands. This system allows users to view real-time information using the WeChat Mini Program anytime and anywhere. It solves problems such as high or low water temperature, turbid water quality, excessive pH concentration during the breeding process that cannot be detected in real-time, improving breeding efficiency and yield.