Green materials take up a prime role for meeting sustainable development goals in reviving the ecosystem and as well addressing health issues. Humans have widely used herbs and natural products as therapeutic agents for various ailments, but eventually, replaced by synthetic alternatives because of their poor absorption, low bioavailability/pharmacokinetics, and physicochemical instability. Nevertheless, in recent years use of nanoparticles and nanocomposites has captured the attention of scientists. Especially green synthesized metallic nanoparticles have more efficacy and target-oriented action and have been reported to exhibit a broad spectrum of antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancerous, and immunomodulatory activities. Green composites incorporated with nanoscale components like biodegradable polymers Poly-L-Lactic acid (PLLA) and Poly-D L-Lactic acid (PDLLA) modulate biophysical properties of green materials and are used to manipulate the interactions with surfaces of target tissues, thus finding a prominent application in tissue engineering technology. Collagen, a multifaceted biomaterial because of its low immunogenicity, is primarily utilized in ophthalmology, tissue engineering, and bone substitutes. In addition, the application of green materials has expanded towards the invention of temporary implants and drug delivery vehicles that tend to dissolve and get absorbed by the body. Chitin, chitosan, flax-based gels, nanofibers, and bandages are extensively used as wound dressing materials. The utilization of green materials in the biomedical field is promising, and notable progress has been made in the last few years. With growing number of research in this captivating area, undoubtedly the progress will increase in the future.