Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Craniofacial Applications

Craniofacial and dental research has advanced tremendously due to increased utility of conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) compared to cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), computed tomography (CT) in dentistry, along with the development of novel MR techniques. MRI is a non-invasive, biologically safe imaging option having the potential to provide excellent soft tissue contrast that aids in characterisation and to differentiate between malignant and non-malignant lesions as well as in the diagnosis and treatment planning of various pathologies affecting jaw, salivary gland, and facial muscle. It is also useful for the structural and functional evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. This chapter aims to provide an understanding of MRI as a radiation-free technique, covering its physics, software, hardware, various pulse sequences, fundamental idea behind MR signal, limitations, and its utility in assessing craniofacial pathologies encountered in dentistry.