Simulation and Fault Diagnostics Using I–V and P–V Curve Tracing

Localization of problems continues to be very difficult, especially in large-scale photovoltaic (PV) systems. Especially for small-scale PV plants, the layout of PV systems significantly impacts the efficiency of detection systems. Due to faults occurring within PV arrays, this paper aims to highlight the value of fault detection in PV systems through I–V curve features. This is achieved by simulating models using MATLAB/Simulink of normal and faulty operations. Investigating faults in solar PV arrays is critical in improving PV systems’ dependability, effectiveness, and safety. A quick and efficient way to determine the actual performance of solar PV modules or strings is to use the I–V curve. To guarantee a PV installation's operational dependability, fault detection is essential. Identifying and detecting faults, particularly in installations of solar systems, remains a major difficulty. The paper proposes an effective fault detection and identification method that uses PV array I–V curve analysis.