Transportation is one of the main sectors responsible for negative environmental impacts. Integrating emerging technologies can help provide real-time, resilient, and intelligent solutions that are necessary for decarbonizing road transport. This paper presents a novel framework that combines the Internet of Things (IoT), Edge Computing, and Cloud Computing to deliver sustainable and efficient transportation solutions. The proposed framework facilitates the development of smart transportation applications that envision an efficient way of reducing emissions, optimizing traffic flow, and improving overall transportation efficiency by leveraging the huge storage and computational power of Cloud Computing and the real-time data processing capabilities of Edge Computing. In addition, the virtual sensor is employed by the framework in order to reduce the adaptability, interoperability, and heterogeneity constraints in the IoT environment. This paper examines the shortcomings of current systems, highlights the essential elements of the framework, and assesses the framework’s effectiveness in providing effective and efficient smart transportation services.