Is JEV the New Emerging Encephalitis?

Arboviruses are at the forefront of societal, governmental and public health concerns and have attracted national attention and so are mosquito-borne diseases. Both epidemic arboviral infections in rural areas and urban epidemics are increasingly more likely to occur. Japanese encephalitis (JE) has been linked to approximately 12,000 cases in India in recent years. Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection is deadly, and its effects on the nervous system are of concern. The abundance of vector population due to suitable agro-climatic conditions has contributed significantly to the rise in JEV cases. In order to lower the danger, vector control programmes should be adequate. For people with JE, there is currently no antiviral medicine available. Symptom relief and patient stabilisation are the main objectives of supportive treatment. Expanded JEV research should focus on the creation of powerful antivirals and an improved immunisation approach. The distribution of various JEV genotypes has significantly changed in recent years. The virus’s genetic change might be a serious danger. Priority should be given to improving vector surveillance and control activities and developing fast diagnostic techniques. We have access to highly cutting-edge scientific advancements; therefore, there is hope for the future creation of high-coverage vaccination schemes and effective JE treatments.