Privacy Preserving Multi Factor Authentication Protocol for Next Generation Grids Deployed in Smart Cities

The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a pivotal role in addressing critical challenges, such as enhancing reliability and power quality, within the framework of the next-generation grid environment. It also contributes significantly to the implementation of next generation grid initiatives in the context of smart city development. In this environment, secure access to services by automated meters from service providers through public channels is imperative. However, such public channel communication exposes vulnerabilities that adversaries can exploit. In recent times, numerous researchers have undertaken diverse research endeavors to identify and address the most pressing issues associated with the next-generation grid. Fundamental security prerequisites encompass crucial aspects of security analysis, specifically adhering to the CIA principles, which encompass confidentiality, integrity, and authentication. The development of lightweight security protocols is unique due to the presence of resource-constrained objects, like automated meters, within the next-generation grid. As a result, we present a lightweight multi factor authentication scheme that is designed to enhance the security of automated meters in the infrastructure of the next-generation grid. The protocol we have proposed undergoes a comprehensive analysis to assess its robustness against established security threats. Ultimately, we conduct a thorough performance evaluation to showcase its efficacy and suitability for real-world implementation.