Design and Optimization of Cutting Flutes of Dental Implant to Improve Stress Pattern at the Bone Interface

Design of commercially available dental implants includes different types of cutting flute profiles at the bottom of the implant body. These cutting flutes profile includes bowl, spiral and spiral cum bowl shape with different design parameters like depth, length and number of cutting flutes. The objective of the present study is to design and optimize the effect of cutting flutes of dental implant to improve the stress pattern around cancellous bone. 24 designs of cutting flutes CAD models were prepared and its design parameters were analyzed using finite element method. The effect of cutting flutes was evaluated under the masticatory load of 120 and 20 N in lateral direction to observe the stress pattern around cancellous bone. Interaction between implant and bone is defined as a small sliding with coefficient of friction of 0.2. The static nonlinear contact analysis was done to predict von Mises stress distribution at the implant bone interface using FEA simulation software ABAQUS. To perform DOE, L8 orthogonal (2k; k = number of input variables) array was used using full factorial design. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the influencing factor over the response and the significant value was tested (P < 0.05). To predict the combined relationship between the factors and the responses, interaction plot was used. Response optimizer was used to optimize results with best variables combination as output.