Heel Pain

Heel pain refers to pain around the calcaneus, typically felt at the plantar or posterior aspect of the heel. This chapter will focus on the potential sources of heel pain, extending from the calcaneus to both the lateral and medial peri-malleolar regions. It should be noted that anatomically, the heel comprises of the fibrofatty tissue, which forms a cushion beneath and around the calcaneus. This plays an important role in cushioning and protecting the neurovascular structures, bones, and joints during standing and locomotion. However, in clinical practice, patients may perceive a larger area of their foot as their “heel.” This underscores the significance of a comprehensive history, clinical examination, and relevant investigations to identify the underlying cause of pain. Similarly, tenderness, when used in isolation, is an inadequate diagnostic test, as many structures can be painful to the touch without necessarily being the source of symptoms. Hence, a comprehensive history and thorough clinical examination remains the cornerstone for accurate diagnosis and management [1].