Odontoma

Odontoma is the most common type of odontogenic tumor in the mouth, accounting for more than 50% of odontogenic tumors [1, 2]. It is often considered a developmental abnormality (hamartoma) rather than a true tumor [3–6]. The 2017 WHO classifies odontoma as a mixed epithelial and ectodermal mesenchymal tumor. The etiology of odontoma remains unknown and may be related to trauma, inflammation, infection, genetic abnormalities, and genetic mutations in the deciduous teeth. It is common in young people before the age of 20, without large gender differences. The fangs, maxillary central incisor and third molar teeth are the most commonly affected teeth. Most patients with odontoma present no conscious symptoms and are often diagnosed by X-ray due to abnormal tooth eruption. The main treatment protocol is surgical curettage, which leads to a good prognosis and rare recurrence [5, 6] The earlier the diagnosis and treatment, the less the impact on affected teeth.