Dietary Recommendations for Managing Dementia

Nutrition-related disorders and malnutrition are prevalent at all stages of dementia, and early identification and treatment are crucial elements of dementia care. Therefore, it is important to consider screening, conducting comprehensive nutritional assessments, and implementing nutrition management for early nutritional support. This chapter provides insights into modifiable causes of malnutrition, screening tools, and assessment strategies. Furthermore, the consumption of a diet that provides adequate energy, macronutrients, and micronutrients has been linked to improved cognitive function in patients with dementia. Nutrients can have positive effects on maintaining lean body mass, enhancing synaptic plasticity and cognition, and safeguarding against chronic diseases associated with dementia. Adhering to a healthy and balanced dietary pattern has been associated with a reduced risk of overall dementia. Special dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), MedDiet-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND), and ketogenic diets, are explored as they may offer improved clinical outcomes for different forms of dementia. Lastly, this chapter addresses the management of eating behavior and feeding route options for patients with advanced dementia, along with ethical considerations.