Contemporary Chinese political research generally refers to the study on contemporary Chinese political institution, political system, and political process. The political institution mainly includes the structural institutional arrangement for the nature of the state, state power, and relationship between political parties. The political system in the contemporary Chinese political context is gradually formed and developed under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It includes the structure system, function setting and operation mode of political parties, political power organs and other political organizations in terms of state power structure, the generation mode and ruling mode of ruling parties, the division and relationship between the powers of legislation, administration and justice, the basic electoral system and decision-making mode of the state, etc. Political system is mainly the organizational form of state power and its institutional system, including the people’s congress system, the multi-party cooperation and political consultation system under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the regional ethnic autonomy system, and the grass-roots mass autonomy system. Political process mainly refers to the interactive practice between political actors and the political system in the actual operation of the political system, including not only how political power is applied to society and its influence but also the process and behavior of citizens and groups participating in politics.