Curriculum and teaching are core constituents of the school system. Without these two fundamental elements, the existence of the school will be groundless. In the field of educational research, curriculum and teaching as the subsystems of education have a vast coverage. Vertically, they cover education at all levels—from preschool education to elementary education, then to higher education and finally to adult education; horizontally, they involve both school education and extracurriculum education, extending through all the subject and non-subject learning and teaching activities.