Overview of the Payload Support Capability of the Aerospace Basic Experiment Rack of the China Tiangong Space Station

China’s Tiangong space station has been fully completed by 2022, marking the entry of China’s manned space engineering into a new development phase with space science, space technology and space application research as important tasks. The rich application resources of the space station provide a broad and open experiment platform for on-orbit technology verification. In the field of space technology experiment on the Chinese space station, the Mengtian Experiment Module of the Tiangong Space Station has been equipped with an aerospace basic experiment rack to support the verification of new space experiments in the microgravity environment of long-term space. Utilizing the in-module space environment conditions provided by the manned space station, as well as the on-orbit operation, maintenance and replacement capabilities of astronauts, and based on the constraints of external resources such as machinery, electricity, heat, information, measurement and control, the space base experiment rack provides an excellent open experiment and verification platform for the space station’s payloads. This paper comprehensively combs the experiment support capability of the space base experiment rack from the aspects of structural mechanism function, information management function, power distribution control function, thermal control function, etc., summarizes the constraint indexes of the rack on the mechanical, power supply, information and thermal interfaces of the payload unit inside the rack, and formulates the on-orbit experiment process of the payload inside the rack, which provides useful references for the relevant experiment payloads to carry out the on-orbit experiment by using the space base experiment rack. It provides useful reference for the relevant experiment payloads to carry out in-orbit experiments using the space basic experiment rack.