Effect of Mass Flow Rate on Drag Reduction with Counter-Flow Jet in Laminar Hypersonic Flow at High Reynolds Number

One of the effective ways to reduce drag is the counter-flow jet. However, the correlation of the design parameters of the counter-flow jet and the complexity of the flow field make it difficult to comprehend the mechanism of the counter-flow jet for drag reduction. In order to solve this kind of the problems, the numerical investigations were carried out in hypersonic flow to investigate the effect of the mass flow rate at a fixed Mach number of the counter-flow jet. For simulations, laminar, unsteady, axisymmetric, Navier-Stokes equations were solved by using the symmetric TVD schemes with second-order accuracy in space and explicit strong stability preserving Runge-Kutta (SSPRK) for time integration. Based on the numerical outcomes, it was discovered that the counter-flow jet’s mass flow rate can classify the flow field as LPM or SPM. The PR and mass flow rate are related to the shock structure of the counter-flow jet. The drag can be decreased by up to 48% using a counter-flow jet.