Overview

Flood and drought disasters have always been serious problems affecting economic and social development (J Yangtze River Acad Sci 40(03):67, 2023 [1]; Guan et al. in Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 64:102504, 2021 [2]). “Improving water conservancy and eliminating water disasters” has always been a major issue in governing a country (Chen in China Water Resour 904(22):1–3, 2020 [3]). Reservoir dams help regulate the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources and optimize the allocation of water resources, being an important part of flood control system, and an important infrastructure for economic and social development.