Beamforming Antenna Array for Wireless Communications-Based Improved Grey Wolf Optimizer Algorithm

Beamforming is one of the potential techniques in future sixth-generation (6G) communication that could support the rapid growth of wireless communication services. This paper presents beamforming optimization using the improved grey wolf optimization (I-GWO) technique. The optimization process helps to find the optimum element placements in the antenna array in order to reduce signal interference by suppressing the sidelobe level (SLL) for linear antenna array (LAA) radiation pattern. The effectiveness of the introduced algorithm is shown through the simulation examples that were performed in comparison with other different existing algorithms. By comparing the resulting SLL, I-GWO has achieved SLL of − 20.75 dB and − 27.44 dB for 10 and 24 element arrays, respectively, which outperform the other algorithms. The introduced simulated optimization improves the radiation characteristics of antenna arrays with high quality of service (QoS), which can be applied to other communication systems with different antenna designs and is powerful for solving problems of beamforming optimization.