Therapeutic Applications of Nanobiomaterials for the Management of Ocular Diseases

Ocular ailments significantly influence both vision and overall quality of life. The delivery of drugs to the eye has consistently posed challenges, primarily attributable to a range of anatomical and physiological obstacles. The efficacy of ocular medications administered topically, such as eye drops, is generally less than 5% in terms of bioavailability. Moreover, invasive techniques such as intravitreal, intracameral, and intrastromal injections can cause damage to the eyes, subsequently resulting in patient nonadherence. In contrast, nanobiomaterials have demonstrated effectiveness in addressing the challenges associated with traditional ophthalmic drug delivery. In this context, this chapter offers concise information on the anatomy of the eye, followed by a detailed discussion of nanobiomaterials used to treat different ocular conditions.