Structural, Mechanical, In-Vitro, and In-Vivo Characterization Biocomposites

The natural fiber and fillers loaded composites and biocomposites are developed through injection molding, compression molding, electrospinning, and additive manufacturing techniques with many available natural fillers and fibers throughout the world and it was utilized in many applications including medical and transport, naval, defense, and sports, etc. Since the composites are developed using a new combination of natural and synthetic matrix and natural and synthetic reinforcement and must be evaluated for structural, mechanical, thermal stability, in-vitro, and in-vivo properties to use the composites in most relevant applications. Hence the structural, mechanical, in-vitro, and in-vivo characterization of the biocomposite composite specimens is to be prepared as per ASTM standards to carry out the studies. The prepared specimens were carried out Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIX), X-ray powder Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM), Energy-Dispersive X-Ray (EDX), Tensile, compressive, Flexural, shore D hardness, direct cytotoxicity, indirect cytotoxicity, trypan blue staining, cell attachment through MG 63 cell line. Then the specimen was carried out SBF analysis to find the apatite formation on the surfaces of the composite. This chapter discussed the various techniques to identify the properties of the composites and biocomposites such as structural, mechanical, and thermal stability, in vitro, and in vivo.