Assessing the Effects of DG Types and Penetration Levels on Transmission System Loss Control Through Computational Intelligence-Based Technique

This paper presents a study on the impact of Distributed Generation (DG) types and penetration levels on loss control in transmission systems. To achieve this, an Artificial Immune System (AIS) algorithm is utilized in conjunction with MATLAB simulations on the IEEE 30-Bus Reliability Test System (RTS). Penetration level is defined as the number of DGs installed within the system, and four types of DGs are considered based on their real and reactive power delivery/consumption characteristics. The simulation results are divided into two parts: the first part focuses on randomizing DG location and sizing to obtain the minimum total system loss, while the second part investigates the effect of DG penetration level on total system loss reduction with fixed DG capacity. The study demonstrates that installing four Type-1 DGs leads to the highest total system loss reduction. Moreover, higher DG penetration levels result in greater total system loss reduction with DGs of the same capacity. These findings offer insights for optimizing DG deployment strategies in transmission systems, thus enhancing their efficiency and reliability.