Effect of Personal Innovativeness and Self-Image on Language Learners’ Acceptance of Mobile-Assisted Language Learning in India

Abundant research has acknowledged the impact of several psychological factors based on Psychological Influence Theory on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), which has been used extensively for measuring the learners’ acceptance of mobile-assisted language learning successfully. However, the influence of personal innovativeness (PI) and self-image (SI) has not been analyzed in the learners’ acceptance of mobile-assisted language learning (MALL). The present study aims to abridge the research gap in literature by extending TAM using personal innovativeness and self-image as precedents for calculating their effect on learners using partial least square structural equation modeling with SmartPLS v3.2.9. The results indicate that the psychological factors motivate the learners and enhance their intent to use MALL for language acquisition, and inspire them towards more creativity and for better academic performances. Secondly, the study establishes the influence of psychological factors on the technological components of TAM, which affirms the study’s importance and need for further studies to assess the learners’ perspectives; it also confirms psychological factors may be used to extend the TAM and may be regarded as significant components of the TAM.