Effect of Stacking Sequence of Hybrid FML Subjected to Low-Velocity Impact

Composite materials have gained substantial traction across various industries due to their outstanding characteristics, including an impressive strength-to-weight ratio, exceptional resistance to corrosion, and superior directional properties. However, structures constructed from composites are susceptible to various modes of failure, with impact-induced failures standing out as a critical concern. Such failures can lead to catastrophic consequences, underscoring the pressing need for alternative materials with similar properties. This study specifically focuses on fiber metal laminates (FMLs), featuring AA 6061-T6 alloy reinforced by carbon/epoxy laminates. Investigating different stacking sequences, such as A–C–C–A, C–A–C–A, and A–C–A–C, the research delves into the impact resistance of these laminates. In addition to assessing the impact, the study meticulously records and analyzes key parameters, including damage area, contact duration, and displacement. Notably, the study unveils a compelling finding: The A–C–A–C stacking sequence outperforms the others, displaying superior energy absorption properties. This observation underscores the vital role of selecting an appropriate stacking sequence when designing FMLs to enhance their impact resistance. The research contributes invaluable insights to material development, enabling the creation of materials that not only possess enhanced structural integrity but also exhibit superior performance in applications where resistance to impact forces is paramount. These findings hold the potential to advance the utilization of composite materials, expanding their application horizons across diverse industries.