Dynamic Mechanical Response of Gelatin Subjected to Shock Wave

Shock waves resulting from explosions have catastrophic consequences on exposed humans. Traumatic brain damage from shock waves is one such serious injury that has a long-term effect on the victim. To prevent and treat brain injuries, it is important to study the shock wave effects on the brain tissue and brain substitutes (soft materials). For brain simulant research, gelatin is currently the most accessible and affordable soft tissue substitute. The current study explored the shock wave interactions with an unconfined gelatin sample using experimental and computational techniques. Two gelatin concentrations (w/v) of 5 and 10% were tested with a gas-driven shock tube at same shock pressure amplitudes. A transient structural analysis using LS-DYNA was carried out to predict the force response of gelatin subjected to the recorded pressure–time history. The variation in force response is evidence that the response is sensitive to concentrations, which is important for ultra-soft materials like brain tissue. In the future, this study will supplement the known material models of soft materials with their dynamic response to shock wave loading. Outcome of this research work would be invaluable for medical practitioners to understand the post trauma requirements and for the development of protective equipment design.